Terror in Kabul challenges Swedish defense policy

The latest terror in Kabul claimed no less than eight lives when a Taliban suicide bomber attacked Serena Hotel where foreign guests were staying. It was no coincidence that Norway's Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Store was at the hotel, along with 21 others in the Norwegian delegation to discuss Afghanistan's future with Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai. A Norwegian journalist was killed while a diplomatic employee sustained injuries.

Norway has a military and development aid presence consisting of 500 people. The foreign minister's visit which was earlier announced on the government website could have triggered the Taliban suicide attack but Norway is not pulling out its people. Prime Minister Jen Stoltenberg is holding tight to Norway's engagement. "Not for reasons of the suicide bomber attack. It stresses all the more that Afghanistan needs help", he was quoted as saying in Dagens Nyheter's report last Jan. 16th. (www.dn.se)

Sweden's Foreign Minister Carl Bildt said: " I feel a strong disgust for these attacks that affect innocent people and makes difficult the international efforts to help build a better Afghanistan." Was the Norwegian foreign minister the immediate target? UN's General Secretary Ban Ki Moon appears to believe so, although Taliban spokesmen deny it but demands that Norway pulls out its 500 soldiers in the NATO-led stabilisation forces Isaf. A Taliban spokesperson added that Serena Hotel often has international delegations and that "all who are in a way tied to the Nato-Isaf are targets for terror attacks."

For Sweden and Norway, both of which have 370 soldiers in a lead roll in north Afghanistan, it is exceedingly sinister if their citizens are killed or injured during humanitarian and peacekeeping assignment. Swedish soldiers met with firepower attack last Sunday, and two Swedes died in an earlier bomb attack. Last year, more than 6,200 people were killed in fighting and terror attacks, an increase of 50 percent from 2006. In 2007, there were at least 150 suicide bomb attacks, a new method recently used in Afghanistan.

Last year the Talibans have made a political and military comeback in most parts of the country. DN has earlier stressed that there are different kinds of Talibans- from genuine Taliban nationalists to extremist Islams and they represent today the largest group, the Pashtuns. In the long run, it is difficult to think of a peaceful Afghanistan without moderate Talibans sharing power with Karzai and his support partners in Kabul.

For Sweden, Norway and other supportive countries the choice is a difficult one. It is a question of continuing to do a meaningful contribution in Afghanistan by increasing the military and aid personnel presence. It is a dilemma that urgently awaits decision by the Swedish and Norwegian governments. Putting the question bluntly, is it going to be a real presence or a token presence? ( Translated from Dagens Nyheter reports, Jan. 16, 2008)

Keeping Faith with New Year's Resolution

In the little town of Camalig where I grew up, somewhere in the southeastern part of the Philippines, we had no tradition of making new year's resolution or promises to keep for the new year. We had strict Catholic upbringing and a stricter sense of ethics and morality. We were told to be good children at the start of the new year so that we would continue to be good and obedient the rest of the year.

When post-modernity settled in, the promises we make to ourselves became diverse and less spiritual. What do we promise ourselves these days? I'll stop smoking and contribute to less pollution of the air. That's a good one and very much in urgency as we become more aware of Al Gore's "An Uneasy Truth". I'd say, it should have been " A Frightening Truth" or "An Alarming Reality". Deciding to go green is a good promise to oneself and to society. It entails a lot of adjustment in our lifestyle, in what we consume, how we use our leisure time and how much we travel for our holidays. A very hard resolution to keep away from smokes and drinks!

What's another common resolution? Eat healthy, less red meat, more greens and lentils and fish. Keep away from Coca-colas and Pepsis in favour of homemade lemonades and natural fruit drinks. Keep away from McDonald hamburgers even if they are adapting their products to healthier mixes; and most of all keeping away from over-processed foods that contain preservatives. They are achievable but the temptation is there and fastfoods are very affordable.

How about spending less on clothes, bags, shoes and other accessories? Wow, that's tough command. Maybe for one sale season but not the whole year. It's easy to rationalise one's buying tendencies and this I am guilty of, I must admit. I say, Hell! I've worked so hard, have so little fun, too much stress I need to feel good by getting something that makes me feel great and human. As many hairspray ads say: " You're worth it "!. Yap, I say to myself, I'm worth it, I'll have another handbag pls. with matching shoes and belt.

There must be worthwhile resolutions that we can keep sacred and achieved. Say, for example that you'd try to read as many good books as possible, maybe organise a book circle, discuss and criticise literary works. This is a good one. While it is very self-rewarding to read, it feels sometimes hopeless not to be able to discuss one's knowledge with others. Facebook offers an opportunity to exchange views about books we read. But, it does lack personal touch, meaning - the physical presence of people talking, and then of course, the coffee or drinks and some eats.

A grand new year's resolution questions our social engagement in issues that affect our lives. Environment, for one is a pressing matter and we are already feeling the climate changes taking place in our midst. Politics is something we breath in the air. Living in Sweden means we cannot be apolitical. We have to be involved one way or the other. We have to react when there are flaws in the social, economic and justice systems because we are all affected by such changes. There is no way we can remain neutral or worst, indifferent. When the government cuts on welfare that affect our sick leave benefits, or when we must produce a medical certificate attesting to our sickness on the first day, these are matters of common urgency we must react to immediately.

There are many things that the Swedish alliance government wants to change and we need vigilance to watch and keep tract that such reforms do not eat away, or much worse endanger our individuality and the freedom to decide how we want to live our lives. Vigilance is a good new year's resolution. Vigilance against violence is urgent here and now.

A Christmas of Uncertainties

Christmas celebrations are as many and as different as there are diverse cultures in the world. It is the strongest tradition among Christians because it is a re-enaction of the birth of Jesus Christ, the son of God. If Jesus Christ died on the cross to save mankind from all its sins ( against humanity), then his nativity proclaims the existence of hope amidst all the ills that plague the world.

In the beginning of December this year, two important events took place that would have significant consequences for everyone. First, is the Climate Change Conference in Bali, Indonesia - which purpose was to secure a majority consensus to a successor pact after the Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012. The Kyoto Protocol aims to fight global warming, yet 16 of 36 industrial countries have problems with their allowable carbon emissions.

United States has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol, saying in 2001 that it was unfair to exempt the developing countries from targets. (Kyoto obliges rich nations to cut greenhouse emissions by an average of 5 percent by 2008-12 from 1990 levels, but allows them to pay developing countries to cut emissions on their behalf through a trade in carbon offsets, according to a Reuter news.) The carbon offsetting scheme is called Clean Development Mechanism, and is seen to suit both the rich and poor countries because it makes it cheaper for rich nations to meet their targets while helping the poor nations to curb their emissions.

Failure to reach a new international consensus implies a catastrophic scenario for the world in terms of droughts, floods, heat waves, diseases, melting of glaciers and the rise of the sea level. Although the Bali conference ended with some optimistic note, one remains sceptical if national interests are not overly served in the face of a general outcry for a common solution to a pressing, and all too real environmental issue.

The other event of significance to Europe in particular was the summit conference in Lisbon, Portugal between European Union and Africa Union. It was an important meeting that was put on hold for several years because EU had no common approach to Robert Mugabe's reign of terror in Zimbabwe. But Mugabe's grandstanding against the imperialistic West should take a lesser priority in the light of an urgency to bridge the relation gap between EU and Africa. Just now, China has advanced its claim on Africa's natural and cheap human resources for its own expanding economy, while EU seem content and assured that its colonial ties with the continent will hold. It is a wrong assumption to view Africa as a continent in perpetual want of aid, neglecting its potential for growth and self-development. Perhaps it is time to treat Africa as a matured individual and not one with a crutch to be led on.

While the world grapples with very serious and urgent issues such as armed conflicts going on in at least 32 countries in the world, we take a brief Christmas pause to look at our inner world, the family because it is the very core of the Christmas spirit. When we continue to remain a family that values love, respect for traditions and morality then there is meaning in Christ rebirth and renewal. #

Between a Saturday and Sunday

It is difficult to predict what might happen on a Saturday and Sunday outside of boring household routines such as washing schedules and house cleaning. After an often stressful five-day work where you stretch the limits of your brains to cope with your deadlines, you do look forward to a relaxing weekend. What is a perfect weekend?

Last weekend was First Advent. It should have been work- free Saturday except that a colleague begged me to replace her. So I worked and when I got home after three in the afternoon, I saw that most houses in my neighborhood already had advent lights on the windows. I had problem digging through my storage to find my advent lights, but I found three among several I bought the past Christmases. Then I went into a cleaning frenzy, hoping that my Sunday would be pleasurable. I was going to hang out with my granddaughter Ariana while her parents got a special Sunday health treat at Hasselludden.

But this weekend, like most recent weekends felt more burdensome. I read both Swedish dailies, including the past issues I missed and the contents are heavier on the environmental problems. With the world conference on climactic changes opening this week in Bali, Jakarta, there has been a heavy dosage of articles on the subject since about a month now. The world is getting warmer, the glaciers are melting, the days are thirstier for water. Is this good news for countries in Northern Europe that have winter for six months? Many think it is an act of benevolence as living in fierce winter can be bone-breaking. But what about in developing countries in Asia and Africa? It will mean food scarcity due to long draught and lack of rain. More hunger. More sickness. And poverty continues.

Ariana and I had a nice lunch of grilled salmon in Vällinghus centrum. She was very eager to tell me about her latest school project at Kungsholmen gymnasium. She did a comparative study of Portugal and Mozambique and thought she did a good work. Yes, it was a study of the colonizer and the colonized. I said that Portugal was a bad colonizer in comparison to Great Britain because it did nothing for its colonies such as Mozambique ( where I lived for almost five years) Angola and Guinea Bissau. They were just Portuguese overseas provinces. I told Ariana that Spain did exactly the same in the Philippines. It was the Catholic church and its missionaries that introduced the administrative system - population census incl. births, marriages and deaths. It was more for taxation than anything else.

We went thought her school album, there she showed me her classmates, best friends, favorite teachers with explanations why "she loved her Swedish teacher" and thought weired of her young Math teacher. Then we went through the different school clubs, and I was very impressed that she had chosen several worthy cause-oriented clubs such as environment and Amnesty. Looking at those faces on her school book made me think that in some ten years, these young people will be running the country. Ariana said that she was going to do a social science study about the growing violence among young people. An excellent choice of a current social problem eating away at the moral fabric of society.

When I drove Ariana home to Bagarmossen we passed by Skogskyrkogården to light candles in Bo's grave. The forest cemetery was beautiful in its stillness and many graves were lighted. This will be the first Christmas without Bo, who loved everything about Christmas like a child lost in fairyland. It will also be different for Ariana not seeing her grandfather in his Santa Claus attire, long after she discovered Santa's true identity after seeing and concluding that both Grandpa and Santa wore the same wristwatch.#

Escape to Riga

Swedish weather is sadistic. It always rains on special days such as the midsummer in June, the green Christmas for the Swedes. Everyone, especially children, go out wearing crowns of flowers on their heads and dance around a decorated letter T-shaped pole. But it rains and the sky never smiles. The same thing happens on All Souls' Day and All Saints' Day on November 1 and 2. In Sweden, they celebrate only All Saints' Day, a day when the living visits their departed loved ones, wherever they are laid to rest.

I did not go to Skogkyrkogården to visit my beloved husband. Snow came on that day and it was blowing cold from North pole. Bo would have wanted me to do something more fun to remember him. So I escaped to Riga, Latvia's vibrant capital. I made a last minute booking with Tallink-Silja and luckily discovered its crazy week discounted cruises.

Riga is known as the "Paris of the Baltic" and I must admit that this is not far from reality. In fact, it is a truly beautiful city of astounding architectural achievement. The old city is a landscape of gentle hills and slopes, a rivulet passing through and trees studded along the lanes. Castles and cathedrals at various locations and buildings with art noveau designs give the city a unique ambiance of old and new, ancient and modern. The Baltic sea lies beside like a protecting mother.

I have been to Tallin, the capital of Estonia many times. It was there I went when it rained so much in Sweden last midsummer. It is also a beautiful city but in a different way. It does not have the softness of Riga's city landscape. Tallin's old city is nestled above a high ground that overlooks the town center and the sea. Old Riga lies beside the sea and its sprawling commercial center.

It was interesting to watch the people walking in the park, shopping in the modern gallerias and I was very impressed at how fashionable they were dressed. Street-smart, as they say, and what one would expect to see in Paris or Milan or any of the fashion-conscious cities of the world. Most of the people I saw were young and good-looking. It was like watching a fashion show in a huge park. Even in the boat "Vanna Tallin", my co-passengers were smartly-dressed young people speaking what I presumed to be Russian.

I've always been curious to learn more about the Baltic states and its people because they are exotic and their histories are rich. Just now they have exciting economies that defy stereotype prognosis. The Nordic countries, especially Sweden, seized the opportunity to extend investments in the Baltic region. It is paying off handsomely.

My escape to Riga was an eye-opener. It was too short. I merely saw the surface of things. I did not experience or see Riga's throbbing nightlife which judging by the number of advertisements one reads in all the Baltic newsletters, are many and strongly competitive. There are gourmet restaurants for the food afficionados, health and beauty centers, theaters and museums. That's for the next escapades. And Vilnius, Lithuania also awaits.

Remembering you with love today, Oct. 30th

Today would have been the 25th year we would be celebrating your birthday and it is special because you would be turning 75 years. A great age of wisdom gathered from social and historical interactions with different peoples in different places and at different times. Times of peace and times of war, where you had been as Swedish diplomatic representative.

You were in Africa on two diplomatic assignments. The first was in Botswana and the second was in Maputo, Mozambique. You sowed seeds of solidarity and goodwill with the Frelimo government in Maputo, with leaders of the African National Congress (ANC), and with other African leaders in Southern Africa. It was not an easy assignment being a diplomat in a newly-liberated Marxist-led country that was not yet healed from the ravages of colonialism. You came home every end of the day carrying a heavy burden from not being able to do enough amidst so much poverty. When we left Mozambique in early 1987, the Swedish development assistance was significantly raised to new levels.

Besides the countries you helped to gain a foothold in Swedish aid and trade, you were even bigger in your personal relations to the small people, like your embassy and household staff. You had a big heart for anyone needing help, your gardener in Manila whose son needed money for school tuition fee; your housekeeper who short-changed you with food money was not fired; Your driver in Maputo who was engaged in same shady deals kept his job; the two wives for your gardener in Maputo were both invited to the employees party; a childless Swedish couple in Manila adopted two Filipino children with your help; an Afghan friend working at the Development Bank of the Philippines finally got his Swedish citizenship because you vouched for him. Your Bosnian assistant-secretary in Mostar moved to the Swedish Embassy in Sarajevo after the end of EU's Administration of Mostar because of your good words. Just a few I remember, but in reality there were many more stories of friendship about people who sought your help.

There's no one in all the places you have been, that was not touched by your friendship, generosity, honesty and sincerity. No one believed you were a Swede because you had great social magnetism. You outshone everyone without being pretentious. You had a great laughter and many stories to tell. You loved best the tale of how you tricked everyone at a ministerial party in Manila by giving Prince Bertil vodka instead of coconut water in a shell. And that in one of Imelda Marcos' famous disco evenings in Malacanang Palace, she did not release you and Hollywood actor George Hamilton until 4 o'clock in the morning. Nor will I ever forget how the Brazilian ambassador complained to you about bruises he got on his chest from dancing with Imelda Marcos' diamond-studded Blue ladies.

Bo Kälfors, today is your 75th birthday. I miss you so much it aches to remember all the things we did in 25 years of travelling together. I remember when you turned 50 in Manila in 1982, when we flew to Palawan Island. You had a helicopter at your service to take us to different islands. So you walked through a row of honour guards with your rolled-up pants and returned the salute. Once inside the plane you burst into a big laughter at how ludicrous you thought you looked.

I will never forget the last words you said when I left you at the hospital in the fateful evening of May 16th, just a few hours before you left so quietly. I told you I was going home and would call you by telephone. I stood by the door and saw you wave at me. You have a smile on your face like always and you said: " I love you!" Your very last words. I knew you did for 25 years, and beyond. I know that even now, in the silence of the forest grave where you lie, the passing wind whispers your last words like a song. Rest in peace, my beloved. You are loved and remembered by many.

Losing a child to senseless violence

Stockholm is in grief. Stockholm is in protest. A growing number of its young people have been killed by peers and same generation bystander in the open streets, at parties, in commercial centers. More than 10,000 people demonstrated against youth violence last Friday, Oct. 12 at Kungsträgården (Kings Garden), in the middle of Stockholm city. The recent brutal killing of a 16-year old boy during a party at nearby Kungsholmen triggered a massive emotional outburst against violence, among the young and old.

It is hard to believe that in Sweden -where life is safeguarded with every possible measure the state could extend, not just because of the egalitarianism of the welfare state but because the value of the child has been raised to higher levels with the UN Rights of the Child interpretation at all levels of community life. The UN convention has enshrined the rights of the child to a happy home, to an education and safe community living, but somewhere, these safety measures are forgotten. Is it not ironic that violence takes place during a social or leisure activity. Who is to blame? The schools have no extended role to intervene in the students' social life after school hours. Most parents today are modern enough to allow their children's choice of friends and social activities. The use of strict disciplinary rules to curtail children's freedom belong to the past.

Losing a child has no words to describe grief. A parent's love begins with the first pulse of life inside the womb, the first breath at birth, the first cry for mother's milk. And that love grows each day of caring and loving. There is no feeling of tiredness when it comes to loving one's child. In times of sickness, there is only one prayer that pervades in the night, "Please. God, let it be me getting sick. Spare my child!" A parent's love for their children is the purest feeling there is. So what happens when one day, when someone's 16-year old son does not come home after a party and instead some policemen knocks on your door and delivers the message of death. It is a shattering experience, a devastation that explodes one's being and leaves a permanent void. Losing a child because of an accident or illness has some mitigating factors, but there is no room for any self-appeasement when a son or daughter is brutally murdered by young offenders.

(Photo has no relation to the story.)